安全地部署Docutils ¶

Author: David Goodger
Contact: docutils-develop@lists.sourceforge.net
Date: $Date: 2012-01-03 20:23:53 +0100 (Di, 03. J盲n 2012) $
Revision: $Revision: 7302 $
Copyright: This document has been placed in the public domain.

安全地部署Docutils

Introduction ¶

Initially, Docutils was intended for command-line tools and single-user applications. Through-the-web editing and processing was not envisaged, therefore web security was not a consideration. Once Docutils/reStructuredText started being incorporated into an ever-increasing number of web applications (blogs, wikis, content management systems, and others), several security issues arose and have been addressed. This document provides instructions to help you secure the Docutils software in your applications.

Docutils does not come in a through-the-web secure state, because this would inconvenience ordinary users

The Issues ¶

External Data Insertion ¶

There are several reStructuredText directives that can insert external data (files and URLs) into the immediate document. These directives are:

“include”, by its very nature
“raw”, through its :file: and :url: options
“csv-table”, through its :file: and :url: options

The “include” directive and the other directives’ file insertion features can be disabled by setting “file_insertion_enabled” to 0/false.

Raw HTML Insertion ¶

The “raw” directive is intended for the insertion of non-reStructuredText data that is passed untouched to the Writer. This directive can be abused to bypass site features or insert malicious JavaScript code into a web page. The “raw” directive can be disabled by setting “raw_enabled” to 0/false.

Securing Docutils ¶

Programmatically Via Application Default Settings ¶

If your application calls Docutils via one of the convenience functions, you can pass a dictionary of default settings that override the component defaults:

defaults = {'file_insertion_enabled': 0,
            'raw_enabled': 0}
output = docutils.core.publish_string(
    ..., settings_overrides=defaults)

Note that these defaults can be overridden by configuration files (and command-line options if applicable). If this is not desired, you can disable configuration file processing with the _disable_config setting:

defaults = {'file_insertion_enabled': 0,
            'raw_enabled': 0,
            '_disable_config': 1}
output = docutils.core.publish_string(
    ..., settings_overrides=defaults)

Via a Configuration File ¶

You should secure Docutils via a configuration file:

if your application executes one of the Docutils front-end tools as a separate process;
if you cannot or choose not to alter the source code of your application or the component that calls Docutils; or
if you want to secure all Docutils deployments system-wide.

If you call Docutils programmatically, it may be preferable to use the methods described in section below.

Docutils automatically looks in three places for a configuration file:

/etc/docutils.conf, for system-wide configuration,
./docutils.conf (in the current working directory), for project-specific configuration, and
~/.docutils (in the user’s home directory), for user-specific configuration.

These locations can be overridden by the DOCUTILSCONFIG environment variable. Details about configuration files, the purpose of the various locations, and DOCUTILSCONFIG are available in the “Configuration Files” section of Docutils Configuration.

To fully secure your Docutils installation, the configuration file should contain the following lines:

[general]
file-insertion-enabled:
raw-enabled:

注解

Due to a bug in the definitions of these security-related settings, the right-hand-side of the above lines (the values) should be left blank, as shown. The bug was corrected on 2006-11-12 and is reflected in Docutils releases 0.4.1 and higher. In these versions, more verbose forms may be used, such as:

[general]
file-insertion-enabled: off
raw-enabled: no

Version Applicability ¶

The file_insertion_enabled & raw_enabled settings were added to Docutils 0.3.9; previous versions will ignore these settings. A bug existed in the configuration file handling of these settings in Docutils 0.4 and earlier. The bug was fixed with the 0.4.1 release on 2006-11-12.