i18n - 使用 git
一个可能的翻译策略是使用 Git(或任何其他VCS)对翻译文件进行版本控制。
Tradeoffs
这种策略有好处:
- 易于入门: just commit the
i18n
folder to Git - 易于开发人员使用: Git, GitHub and pull requests are mainstream developer tools
- 免费的 (or without any additional cost, assuming you already use Git)
- 低摩擦: does not require signing up to an external tool
- 奖励: contributors are happy to have a nice contribution history
使用 Git 也有一些缺点:
- 对于非开发者来说很难: they do not master Git and pull-requests
- 专业翻译人员难: they are used to SaaS translation softwares and advanced features
- 难以维护: you have to keep the translated files in sync with the untranslated files
Some large-scale technical projects (React, Vue.js, MDN, TypeScript, Nuxt.js, etc.) use Git for translations.
Refer to the Docusaurus i18n RFC for our notes and links studying these systems.
Initialization
This is a walk-through of using Git to translate a newly initialized English Docusaurus website into French, and assume you already followed the i18n tutorial.
Prepare the Docusaurus site
Initialize a new Docusaurus site:
npx create-docusaurus@latest website classic
Add the site configuration for the French language:
module.exports = {
i18n: {
defaultLocale: "en",
locales: ["en", "fr"],
},
themeConfig: {
navbar: {
items: [
// ...
{
type: "localeDropdown",
position: "left",
},
// ...
],
},
},
// ...
};
Translate the homepage:
import React from "react";
import Translate from "@docusaurus/Translate";
import Layout from "@theme/Layout";
export default function Home() {
return (
<Layout>
<h1 style={{ margin: 20 }}>
<Translate description="The homepage main heading">Welcome to my Docusaurus translated site!</Translate>
</h1>
</Layout>
);
}
Initialize the i18n
folder
Use the write-translations CLI command to initialize the JSON translation files for the French locale:
- npm
- Yarn
- pnpm
npm run write-translations -- --locale fr
1 translations written at i18n/fr/code.json
11 translations written at i18n/fr/docusaurus-theme-classic/footer.json
4 translations written at i18n/fr/docusaurus-theme-classic/navbar.json
3 translations written at i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-docs/current.json
yarn write-translations --locale fr
1 translations written at i18n/fr/code.json
11 translations written at i18n/fr/docusaurus-theme-classic/footer.json
4 translations written at i18n/fr/docusaurus-theme-classic/navbar.json
3 translations written at i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-docs/current.json
pnpm run write-translations -- --locale fr
1 translations written at i18n/fr/code.json
11 translations written at i18n/fr/docusaurus-theme-classic/footer.json
4 translations written at i18n/fr/docusaurus-theme-classic/navbar.json
3 translations written at i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-docs/current.json
Use the --messagePrefix '(fr) '
option to make the untranslated strings stand out.
Hello
will appear as (fr) Hello
and makes it clear a translation is missing.
Copy your untranslated Markdown files to the French folder:
mkdir -p i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-docs/current
cp -r docs/** i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-docs/current
mkdir -p i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-blog
cp -r blog/** i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-blog
mkdir -p i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-pages
cp -r src/pages/**.md i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-pages
cp -r src/pages/**.mdx i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-pages
Add all these files to Git.
Translate the files
Translate the Markdown and JSON files in i18n/fr
and commit the translation.
You should now be able to start your site in French and see the translations:
- npm
- Yarn
- pnpm
npm run start -- --locale fr
yarn run start --locale fr
pnpm run start -- --locale fr
You can also build the site locally or on your CI:
- npm
- Yarn
- pnpm
npm run build
# or
npm run build -- --locale fr
yarn build
# or
yarn build --locale fr
pnpm run build
# or
pnpm run build -- --locale fr
Repeat
Follow the same process for each locale you need to support.
Maintenance
Keeping translated files consistent with the originals can be challenging, in particular for Markdown documents.
Markdown translations
When an untranslated Markdown document is edited, it is your responsibility to maintain the respective translated files, and we unfortunately don't have a good way to help you do so.
To keep your translated sites consistent, when the website/docs/doc1.md
doc is edited, you need backport these edits to i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-docs/current/doc1.md
.
JSON translations
To help you maintain the JSON translation files, it is possible to run again the write-translations CLI command:
- npm
- Yarn
- pnpm
npm run write-translations -- --locale fr
yarn write-translations --locale fr
pnpm run write-translations -- --locale fr
New translations will be appended, and existing ones will not be overridden.
Reset your translations with the --override
option.
Localize edit URLs
When the user is browsing a page at /fr/doc1
, the edit button will link by default to the unlocalized doc at website/docs/doc1.md
.
Your translations are on Git, and you can use the editLocalizedFiles: true
option of the docs and blog plugins.
The edit button will link to the localized doc at i18n/fr/docusaurus-plugin-content-docs/current/doc1.md
.